With the first day of Spring just one week away, many animals living in our communities are starting to come out of hibernation. As we begin to notice more birds singing and squirrels scurrying, pet owners need to think about the increased threat of exposure to infectious diseases, including rabies.
Rabies is a preventable viral disease that affects the central nervous system of mammals – pets and people included. From an infected animal, it is easily transmissible via a bite or scratch. Once contracted, the rabies virus may take up to two months to show clinical symptoms. Unfortunately, once noticeable symptoms appear, it is usually too late. This deadly virus attaches itself to nerve endings and spreads through the central nervous system to the brain causing paralysis of parts of the body. It also forces the body to reject food and water, so the infected host may painfully die from dehydration.
There is no way to accurately test for rabies in a live animal. Verification by a direct fluorescent antibody test can only be performed after death as brain tissue is required for a proper diagnosis. Animals displaying symptoms of rabies are most often euthanized to eliminate what is considered to be a serious public health threat.
Common signs of an infected rabid animal are:
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Behavioural changes, like restlessness and aggression
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Constant biting, licking and/or chewing at the site of infection
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Fever
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Sensitivity to light and sound
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Foaming or frothing at the mouth
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Seizures
According to the Government of Canada, there were 1,619 reported cases of rabies in Ontario in 2017 – almost double the reported cases in 2014 (903).
In the Georgian Triangle area, the most common carriers of rabies are raccoons, coyotes, skunks, bats, and foxes. These animals are generally most active at night. However, any warm-blooded animal is susceptible to rabies, including cats, dogs, and humans.
The best way to protect your pet is to stay up-to-date with their rabies vaccines, which your veterinarian will help you with. This is required by law in almost every developed country. Next, when venturing out into areas where high-risk animals may reside, be extra cautious. Rabies is reportable under the Health of Animals Act, so please report any possible sightings to animal control as soon as it is safe to do so. Never attempt to capture an infected animal.
Unfortunately, rabies has a 99% fatality rate. It is a nasty disease, and no living being should have to endure the suffering that comes with a rabies infection. Fortunately, this is all preventable for our beloved pets. If you would like more information on how you can keep both yourself and your pets safe from rabies, please speak with your veterinarian or family doctor.
Stay informed. Stay alert. Stay safe.
Brandon Forder – also known as The Pet Expert – is vice-president of Canadian Pet Connection, a family-owned and -operated business located in Meaford. He has over twenty years experience specializing in pet nutrition, behaviour, and healthy pet lifestyles. Canadian Pet Connection is an industry leader committed to providing their clients with the highest levels of personal, attentive service. Learn more at www.CanadianPetConnection.com.
